The study’s exclusion criteria disqualified individuals with any history of ocular pathology, abnormal ocular exam comprising abnormally looking macula or diabetic retinopathy, recent history of trauma or ocular surgery (in the last 12 months), a high degree myopia (more than 6 diopters) or poor quality images. The sampled subjects were adults aged above 18 years who underwent a complete ophthalmic assessment at the Jordan University hospital and whose data regarding macular OCT was available. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Data was collected from July 2017 to July 2018 after obtaining approval from our institutional review board. Herein we present a preliminary investigation of these values using Fourier-domain OCT.įor this retrospective cross-sectional study, patients who were evaluated in the ophthalmology clinic in the Jordan University Hospital were included. The heterogeneity of Middle Eastern populations calls for a series of investigations to determine robust normative values of retinal macular thickness. As such, it is important to note that this aspect may be confused with early changes related to diabetic retinopathy. Currently, data concerning the normal value of the adult Middle Eastern population, and the effect of age, sex, as well as the refractive error of the macular retinal thickness, is unavailable. Therefore, detecting the normal value of the macular retinal thickness in a Middle Eastern population helps in early diagnosis of diabetic changes. Thus, their documentation in additional populations is necessary. The preceding fact is problematic as normative values may be highly variable between populations. Normative values are readily available, albeit for no more than a select number of ethnic groups. Therefore, measurements are interpreted against a backdrop of normative reference values. Retinal macular thickness is naturally subject to anatomic variation. In the clinic, Fourier-domain OCT is used in standard commercial systems and offers superior sensitivity compared to the conventional time-domain approach. In effect, early detection may favorably affect the visual outcome. Based on this understanding, the aforementioned changes can be detected early by imaging the macula using an Ocular Coherence Tomography that facilitates both thicknesses and morphology detection before these changes are clinically apparent. In fact, the latest iterations include Gabor-domain optical coherence microscopy which can be useful in assessment of the cornea. The outcome of OCT based imaging is constantly developing with further iterations on the technology. For instance, high resolutions in vivo retinal images are essential for diagnosis and follow up of patients with macular edema. Specifically, it is useful for high resolution reproducible in-vivo imaging of the retinal structure this ocular technology is a useful tool to ophthalmologists. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that measures internal structures of biological systems. Population are required to appraise our model. Normative values from additional Middle Eastern. The average fovea macular thickness among Jordanians is consistent with previously reported values. Our set of predicted normative data may be used to interrupt measurement of the macular thickness in Middle Eastern population. Furthermore, we found a significant difference between age and central macular thickness ( p = 0.001), as age was a positive predictor for macular thickness. The thickness was highest within 3 mm diameter from the center and decreased towards the periphery Eye sidedness didn’t contribute to variability of the macular thickness. Central thickness was higher in males with a mean variation of 11.67 um (95% CI, 2.41 to 20.93) ( p = 0.003). The quadratic value of the retinal macular thickness decreased from the superior value of 299.71 (☒3.67) um ( P = .001) to the inferior value of 296.46 (☒8.85) um(P = .001) and a nasal figure of 93.63 (☒6.86) um(P = .001). The average central fovea macular thickness was 229.5 (☓0.85) um. In addition, the effect of age, sex and laterality were evaluated. Multivariate regression models were developed to obtain predicted normative values with adjustment to candidate variables. Measurements were obtained using the Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). One hundred sixteen individuals were randomly selected from volunteers visiting the Jordan University Hospital in Amman, Jordan. Since the normative value of the retinal macular thickness is undocumented in the Middle East, the aim of this work is to assess the normative values of the macular thickness in healthy eyes in a Middle Eastern population and its relationship with age, sex, and laterality.
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